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Lactic Acid

Helps attract water.

In the Exfoliating acids group

What it is

An acid found naturally in sour milk and other fermented foods, usually made by fermenting sugars. It is one of the alpha hydroxy acids.

Adjusts the product's pH and helps the skin hold on to water.

A short summary from the dictionary, not yet an in-depth article. About these entries

What it does in a formula

Helps attract waterOfficial EU function: Humectant
Balances the pHOfficial EU function: Buffering
Keeps skin in good conditionOfficial EU function: Skin conditioning

Why some people watch for it

Exfoliating acids

Some people limit exfoliating acids because they can make skin more sensitive, including to the sun, or because they already use one and do not want to layer more.

A group is a fact about the ingredient, not a judgement of it.